![]() To compute the transformation of image coordinates required for the distortion, the algorithm of Beier and Neely can be used. The computer would then distort the first face to have the shape of the second face at the same time that it faded the two faces. For example, one would morph one face into another by marking key points on the first face, such as the contour of the nose or location of an eye, and mark where these same points existed on the second face. These involved distorting one image at the same time that it faded into another through marking corresponding points and vectors on the "before" and "after" images used in the morph. In the early 1990s, computer techniques capable of more convincing results saw increasing use. Digital morphing Īn animated example of an ape morphing into a bird. Émile Cohl's 1908 animated film Fantasmagorie featured much morphing of characters and objects drawn in simple outlines. A phenakistiscope designed by its inventor Joseph Plateau was printed around 1835 and shows the head of a woman changing into a witch and then into a monster. In animation, the morphing effect was created long before the introduction of cinema. ![]() In 1985, Godley & Creme created a "morph" effect using analogue cross-fades on parts of different faces in the video for " Cry". The Peter Tchaikovsky Story in a 1959 TV-series episode of Disneyland features a swan automaton transforming into a real ballet dancer. Maurice Tourneur's 1915 film Alias Jimmy Valentine featured a subtle dissolve transformation of the main character from respected citizen Lee Randall into his criminal alter ego Jimmy Valentine. The 1910 short film Narren-grappen shows a dissolve transformation of the clothing of a female character. Other uses are known, for instance Henry Langdon Childe showed groves transforming into cathedrals. In the first half of the 19th century " dissolving views" were a popular type of magic lantern show, mostly showing landscapes gradually dissolving from a day to night version or from summer to winter. For instance a nose could grow to enormous size, simply by slowly sliding away a piece of glass with black paint that masked part of another glass plate with the picture. Some 19th century mechanical magic lantern slides produced changes to the appearance of figures. If the pictures are matched properly, a primitive type of morphing effect occurs when changing from one viewing angle to the other.Īround 1790 French shadow play showman François Dominique Séraphin used a metal shadow figure with jointed parts to have the face of a young woman changing into that of a witch. Each image is only correctly visible from a certain angle. Known since at least the end of the 16th century, Tabula scalata is a type of painting with two images divided over a corrugated surface. Some of those techniques are closer to a matched dissolve - a gradual change between two pictures without warping the shapes in the images - while others did change the shapes in between the start and end phases of the transformation. Long before digital morphing, several techniques were used for similar image transformations. A similar method is applied to audio recordings, for example, by changing voices or vocal lines. Since the early 1990s, this has been replaced by computer software to create more realistic transitions. Traditionally such a depiction would be achieved through dissolving techniques on film. Morphing is a special effect in motion pictures and animations that changes (or morphs) one image or shape into another through a seamless transition.
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